Nicholas and Alexandra

Nicholas and Alexandra: An Intimate Account of the Last of the Romanovs and the Fall of Imperial Russia is a 1967 biography of the last royal family of Russia by historian Robert K. Massie. Massie was inspired to write the book after his own son was diagnosed with hemophilia, which Tsarevich Alexei had suffered. In 1971, the book was adapted to film, also as Nicholas and Alexandra, directed by American filmmaker Franklin J. Schaffner. In 1995, Massie published The Romanovs: The Final Chapter, having updated his account of the family with much newly discovered information.